INTRODUCTION
The word ‘ education ’ can be used in two senses: in a broad sense to
designate all the influences to which everyone is continually subjected by the
physical , biological and social environment in which he lives and in the more
usual narrower sense to designate the special influences organized and devised
by teachers in schools and places of further education. The first and perhaps
the most important step on the road to educational wisdom is to get a clear
realization that life and education are in reality indivisible. Life is education;
education in school should give pupils a taste of the good life - life in a
specially concentrated form free from many of the regrettable features of life
outside.
“Education is a natural, progressive
and harmonious development of all the faculties of the individual – head, heart
and hand” – Pestalozzi. Education can be
regarded in two ways - either as a duty that the state owes to its citizens and
therefore as a part of the “welfare state” or as a means of increasing the economic efficiency of the whole
community and therefore as a form of productive capital investment. Educated
people are the “capital” of a developed
society. Recent years have witnessed considerable progress in the area of
universalization of primary education in India. India became
one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when
the act – “The Children’s Right to Free and Compulsory Education Act” came into
force on 1 April, 2010. People are not aware even about their fundamental
rights. Youth is the future of the Nation. Early youth was not compelled to
study but now he has to study to deal with the present world as illiterate
person may be deceived or may not know his rights and duties towards society
and family.
Throughout the whole world, there is
an acute feeling of discomfort among thoughtful and concerned men and women
about the problems of education. The different problems and their solutions are
discussed here.
“Education is a process which draws out the best in
man with the aim of producing a well-balanced personality-culturally refined,
emotionally stable, ethically sound, logically correct, mentally alert,
intellectually competent, technically advanced, morally upright, physically
strong, socially efficient, spiritually mature, vocationally self-sufficient
and internationally liberal”.
Education is an essential and the only avenue towards wisdom is by freedom in
the presence of knowledge. But the only avenue towards knowledge is by
discipline in the acquirement of ordered fact. Freedom and discipline are two
essentials of education. A.N.Whitehead.
The educational problem
however like all the basic problems of mankind is a complex not a simplex.
Education will not progress, develop into a dynamic field unless the problems inherent
in it are identified and solved. In an analysis of the situation categorized
these problems into several broad areas from “lack of money” to “too many experts”.
Lack
of money: The demand far
exceeds the supply, and available monies are only for the most basic educational
needs of the students... “the
traditional curriculum”.
Very small amounts, if any, are available for innovative programs and ideas.
Without adequate funding, the ideology and philosophy of education become so
many words. The concept of Indian education faces a bleak future characterized
by stagnation, insensitivity, inadequate facilities and personnel.
The irrelevant curricula: It is defined that it is schools not doing their
job in meeting the needs of their students. Education for
sustainable development [ESD] is an approach to the whole curriculum and
management of a school is not a new subject. It has its roots in environmental
education and development education. ESD denotes the learning needed to
maintain & improve our quality of life and the quality of generation to
come.
Lack of qualified educators: Materialistic
gains, incentives and opportunities entice the qualified educator away from
challenging field. There is much hard work and many challenges in the education
field. If education is to meet the needs of the students, if it is to have the
sensitivity required, if it is to be dynamic and viable, it must have more qualified
educators - it must reach the stage wherein it will challenge the educator to
take up arms to join its ranks and to improve its lot.
Insensitive school personnel: If
school personnel are truly educators, it behooves them to learn about the
people they are teaching; to fail in this task is to fail to educate.
Differing expectations of
education programs: The aims of education can’t be gained
by all in the expected manner. The American educational system is foreign in
concept, principle and objective to the Indian student. The thinking, attitudes and experiences of
the non-Indian are the base of the value structure rather than the aspects of
Indian culture. Thus the educational perspectives of the Indian are not considered.
Lack of involvement in and
control of educational matters: The people have not
been able to express his ideas on school program or educational decision-making.
When they have been expressed, his participation has been limited and
restricted.
Poor application based education:
Life
is full of problems. We have to apply our knowledge to solve the real life
problems. As an example, our medical colleges are producing graduates who are
not well equipped to tackle the health care needs of the society. The graduates
generally posses reasonably sound knowledge of medical science, they are often
found deficient in the performance of clinical skills and problem-solving which
form the core of clinical competence.
Improper development of human
virtues: Man is a social animal. So he should have the
spirit of co-operation, discipline, humanity, love, kindness, and the feeling
of brotherhood. The education fails to inculcate these virtues in student.
Difficulties of students higher
education: In general, the student has an
inadequate educational background as he may have been looked upon as less than
college material in high school. He has unusual adjustment problems and usually
inadequate financial help.
® To develop human virtues :
The curriculum should be framed by giving importance to such subjects which may
inculcate the human values like love, kindness, feeling of brotherhood etc in
students. Science, literature, fine arts, humanities, music and dance are some
of such subjects.
® To develop capacity for earning
money: After
having received education one must enable to earn
enough for his livelihood. For developing this capacity vocational
subjects
should be introduced in the curriculum.
® Quality of leadership:
Education
should develop the quality of leadership in students. This quality is very
necessary for the sake of democracy and the development of the country as a
whole.
® Vocationalisation
of education in schools provides financial helps for further education. Vocational
guidance and vocational training must be included in curriculum for the
sustainable development of a person.
® The
curriculum should be dynamic according to the needs of the society. The curriculum
should include the real life experiences.
® If
curriculum experts would include courses reflecting the positiveness of the
contributions of the greater society, another correction would be made.
® Proper
education with adequate experiences must be provided in the primary classes. It
should be such that a base for higher education of a student.
® A
former assessment at the end of practice can ensure proper utilization of this
period for the development of skills. Feed back to students at every stage,
throughout the training is important to help them improve their deficiencies.
® By
changing the format of different examinations and making them more suitable for
testing higher level of knowledge and skills rather than mere recall of facts.
® It
should be recommended that merit in the board examinations or competitive tests
should be combined with an aptitude test so as to form the criteria for
selection tests.
® Everything
possible should be done by the school system to encourage the parents to become
involved. When parents participate more in their children’s education, they
often undertake to advance their own education by enrolling in continuing
education courses. The parents as teachers becomes the parents as learner. Thus
improves the standard of the society.
Every nation invades in education because
it can produce unquantifiable benefits for individuals, organizations and the
society as a whole. Education is provided through formal and informal means. In
formal settings the conventional (face-to-face school instruction) and distance
education (offered with separation in terms of physical location of instructors
and students) have been used to provide educational opportunities to recipients.
Some problems would always prevail in a system. We concluded here some basic
problems and their solutions in the educational system.
REFERNCES
1.
Barsodi, Ralph (1963), The Education of the whole man, Sardar
Vallabhbhai Vidyapeeth, VALLABH VIDYANAGAR,Gujrat.
2.
Huggies, A.G and Huggies E.H.(1960), Educatin : Some Fundamental Problems ,The
English Language Book Society & Longmans Green And Co.Ltd.
3.
GCTE Journal of RESEARCH AND EXTENSION
IN EDUCATION, Volume:7(1) January 2012 ,ISSN 0975-5144.
4.
Journal of american indian education,Volume:10,
October 1970, Alonzo Spang.
9.
http://www.publishyourarticles.net.
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