The word exceptional
represents a kind of significant deviation from usual, natural or normal
happenings. The exceptional children deviates from the average or normal
children in physical, mental, emotional or social traits. These distinct class
of children need special attention, educational facilities and special
treatment to develop their maximum capacity.
According to Kirk, an exceptional child is he
who deviates from the normal or average child in mental, physical and social
characteristics to such an extent that he requires a modification of school
practices or special educational services in order to develop to his maximum
capacity.
CHARACTERISTICS
OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
They differ from the
average or normal children
They do not benefit
from normal school programme
They need special
services in terms of care and education for their optimum growth
DIFFERENT
TYPES OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
GIFTED CHILD
ACADEMICALLY BACKWARD
LEARNING DISABLED
GIFTED
CHILDREN
The
term gifted or talented stands for those whose performance is consistently
remarkable in some potentially valuable activity.
•
Prem pasricha defines, “gifted child
is the one who exhibits superiority in general intelligence or the one who is
in possession of special abilities of a high order in the fields which are not
necessarily associated with a high intelligence quotient”.
CHARACTERISTICS
OF GIFTED CHILDREN
•
Gifted child need not possess a very
high IQ
•
They think logically and coherently
•
Shows rapid physical and mental growth
•
Keen power of observation and they
learn more rapidly than the average student
•
In comparison to children of his own
group, he is superior in some abilities.
•
Shows much curiosity in questioning
and displays rich common sense
•
More ambitious and hard working
EDUCATION
OF GIFTED CHILD
•
No separate classes
•
Curriculum
•
Faster promotion to higher classes
•
Individual education
•
Extracurricular activities
•
Facilities and apparatus
ACADEMICALLY
BACKWARD CHILDREN
According
to Barton Hall, backwardness is general, is applied to cases where their
educational attainment falls below the level of natural abilities. Backward
child is one who compared with other pupils of the same chronological age shows
marked educational deficiency
CHARACTERISTICS
OF ACADEMICALLY BACKWARD
•
Has the adjustment problems in regular
classes
•
Found inferior in physical development
•
They have lesser capacity of abstract
thinking
•
They lack in reasoning ability
•
Social development is lag behind
EDUCATION
OF ACADEMICALLY BACKWARD
•
Motivation
•
Individual attention
•
Development of self confidence
•
Development of good work habits
•
Elastic curriculum
•
Remedial instructions
•
Periodical medical checkups
•
Special methods of teaching like CAI,
AVI
•
Peer tutoring
LEARNING
DISABLED
Learning disability
means a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved
in understanding or in using language, spoken or written. Whole may manifest
itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell or
to do mathematical calculations.
The child does not achieve commensurate with
his or her age and ability in one or more areas, when provided with learning
experiences appropriate for the child age and ability level
CHARACTERISTICS OF LEARNING DISABLED
•
Delayed spoken language development
•
Poor spatial orientation
•
Poor general motor coordination
•
Inadequate time concepts
•
Difficulty in judging relationship
•
Memory disorders
•
Perceptual disorders
•
Direction related confusion
•
Social interceptions
EDUCATION
OF LEARNING DISABLED
•
Behavioral intervention
•
Cognitive behavioral intervention
•
Medically based intervention
•
Multi sensory approach
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